Latent Embeddings for Collective Activity Recognition

Rather than simply recognizing the action of a person individually, collective activity recognition aims to find out what a group of people is acting in a collective scene. Previ- ous state-of-the-art methods using hand-crafted potentials in conventional graphical model which can only define a limited range of relations. Thus, the complex structural de- pendencies among individuals involved in a collective sce- nario cannot be fully modeled. In this paper, we overcome these limitations by embedding latent variables into feature space and learning the feature mapping functions in a deep learning framework. The embeddings of latent variables build a global relation containing person-group interac- tions and richer contextual information by jointly modeling broader range of individuals. Besides, we assemble atten- tion mechanism during embedding for achieving more com- pact representations. We evaluate our method on three col- lective activity datasets, where we contribute a much larger dataset in this work. The proposed model has achieved clearly better performance as compared to the state-of-the- art methods in our experiments.Comment: 6pages, accepted by IEEE-AVSS201

Rate, amount, and style of late cenozoic deformation of southern Ningxia, northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau, China

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1988.Five folded maps in pocket.Includes bibliographies.by Peizhen Zhang.Ph.D

PO-060 Changes of Cardiovascular Function during Exercise Tolerance Testing in Sedentary Postmenopausal Women after Exercise Intervention

Objective Previous studies suggested that being postmenopausal could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). If we can master the change characteristics of postmenopausal women’ cardiovascular function when they doing exercise, we may prevent or reduce the risk of CVD which induced by exercise. To get a more accurate tolerant judgment of the intensity of exercise, we discussed the change of cardiovascular function in sedentary postmenopausal women during exercise tolerance testing after exercise intervention, wish to provide more reliable theory basis in preventing exercise emergence and make an appropriate exercise prescription. Methods Thirty postmenopausal women participated the study. PAR-Q questionnaires and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Forms were used to screen participants. They were randomly divided into control group(n=15) and experimental group (n=15). The experimental group had an exercise intervention with 3 months walking while the control group lived as usual. Using an exercise tolerance testing by cycle ergometer, let participants do one-time maximal graded exercise test to exhaustion, get the indicators of heart rate, blood pressure, VO2max, then analyzed the changes of cardiovascular function indexes before and after exercise intervention in experimental group, compared with control group in the same age categories, explored the similarities and differences between index variation. Results (1) After 3 months of exercise intervention, the rest systolic blood pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). (2) With the increase of exercise intensity, heart rate tend to rise in both two groups (P<0.05). After 3 months of exercise intervention, the amplitude of heart rate variation between two intensities got smaller in the experimental group. (3) With the enlargement of exercise intensity, systolic blood pressure tend to increase in both two groups (P<0.05). After 3 months of exercise intervention, the amplitude of systolic blood pressure variation between two grades got smaller in the experimental group. (4) The exercise intervention can effectively improve the cardiac functional capacity of postmenopausal women (P<0.05). Conclusions Exercise for 3 month can efficiently increase the ability of postmenopausal women’s cardiovascular system in the quiet state, increase the reaction and adaptability of intensity stimulation of heart

Mechanical Impact Noise Analysis of Rotary Compressor

In the noise and vibration test of 8HP rotary compressor, the peak value of noise and vibration is especially high at frequency range between 600~1000Hz. The sound pressure level (SPL) exceeds the enterprise criterions and the sound quality is so tough that persons cannot bear such annoying noise. Two experiments, pressure pulsation above/ below compressor motor and mechanical impacts of compressor pump-rotor unit, are particularly carried out in order to identify the noise sources. The test results confirm that the axial up-down movement of pump-rotor unit is the primary reason, causing the abnormal noise and vibration. Several measures, including partially cutting the circumferential edge of the stator and increase the height differential between rotor and stator, have been taken in order to reduce pressure pulsation above/below motor and restrain the axial movement of shaft-rotor unit. With these measures, the noise problem of 8HP rotary compressor has been solved successfully. Finally the sound pressure level decreases about 4dB and the sound quality is comfortable and good to hear.

PL-014 The gaseous metabolism characteristics of overweight adult women during exercise stress test

Objective Overweight was a global public health problem. In recent years, the number of overweight people in China had been increasing. Being overweight had a serious impact on health. 31.1% of overweight people had aggregation of risk factors for cardiovascular metabolic diseases. And overweight people were more likely to suffer from some diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and arthritis. This study compared the gas metabolism index differences between overweight and normal weight women when they did exercise under different load, and summarized gas metabolism characteristics of overweight women, in order to lay the foundation for instructing overweight women to do exercise scientifically, reduce the risk factors of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, and enhance and improve physical fitness and health. Methods Adult women between 20 and 30 years were taken as subjects. After measuring their height and weight, they were divided into normal weight group (BMI=18~23.9kg/m2) and overweight group (BMI＞24kg/m2) according to body mass index (BMI). There were 15 participants in each group. After the baseline test, using modified Bruce treadmill protocol, the air metabolism indexes of two groups were determined by Cortex MetaMax 3B portable gas metabolic analyzer, including oxygen uptake(VO2), minute ventilation(MV), breathing frequency(BF), expiratory end-tidal CO2concentration(ETCO2), expiratory end-tidal O2concentration (ETO2), arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), carbon dioxide output(VCO2), oxygen pulse and maximal voluntary ventilation(MMV), etc. The differences of gas metabolism indexes among resting, exercise, and recovery stages were compared and analyzed. Results (1) Most of indexes such as VO2, VCO2, and MV rose gradually with the load increase during exercise stress test except for ETO2and PaCO2. VO2, PaCO2, VCO2and ETCO2of overweight group were significantly lower than normal weight group during the same load. PaCO2of overweight group at grade 4 was significant lower than normal weight group by 5.6 mmHg (P<0.05). VCO2of overweight group at grade 5 was significant lower than normal weight group by 0.6L/min (P<0.05). ETCO2 of overweight group at grade 3 and 4 were significant lower than normal weight group about 0.5% and 0.6% respectively (P<0.05). (2) During recovery stage, most of indexes decreased gradually, such as MV and BF, while ETO2presented a rising trend. At a certain time during the recovery stage, ETCO2of overweight group was significantly lower than normal weight group (5.3% vs 5.8%), while MMV, MV and oxygen pulse were significantly higher than normal weight group (P<0.05). MMV of overweight group at 2, 3 and 4 minutes were significant lower than normal weight group by1L/min, 1L/min and 0.9L/min, at the same time, MV of overweight group were significant lower than normal weight group by17.8L/min, 20.1L/min and 16.9L/min. The oxygen pulse of overweight group during whole 5 minutes recovery period were significantly higher than normal weight group by 2.7L/min, 3.9L/min, 3.9L/min, 2.9L/min and 2.0L/min. (3) The gaseous metabolism between two groups was significantly different when they did 7.1 and 10.2 METs exercise. Conclusions Although there was no difference in gas metabolism between overweight and normal weight adult women in resting state, the respiratory function of overweight women was weaker than normal weight women during exercise, especially at the intensities of 7.1 and 10.2 METs. During the recovery period after exercise stress test, the recovery rate of gas metabolism in overweight adult women was slower than that of normal weight women

PO-110 The relationship between beverage consumption and overweight of university students

Objective Previous studies have shown a clear correlation between university students' eating habits and the rate of obesity. According to the WHO’s information, obesity was not only a chronic disease that did harm to health, but also a risk factor for a variety of chronic disease such as type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and respiratory disease, etc. With the booming of economy and the continuous improvement of university students' living standard, the growth of university students' drinking consumption and the diversification of consumption patterns, beverage had gradually become a part of university students' daily diet. The relationship between intake of drinks and health in university students is not clear. Knowing the relationship between the consumption habits and the prevalence rate of overweight in university students can help university students to establish a healthy lifestyle, control weight and lead a reasonable beverage consumption. Thus a questionnaire survey was conducted and students were divided into beverage group and non-beverage group for horizontal comparison, so to investigate the relationship between the beverage consumption habit of university students and the prevalence of overweight. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey on university students (130 males and 115 females) from a university through a self-designed questionnaire. The method of investigation was a self-filling questionnaire which includes the consumption of beverages, the frequency and the variety of beverage per week. All the subjects' height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured, the BMI and waist-hip ratio were calculated. Alpha reliability coefficient, non-parametric test, chi-square test, kruskal-wallis H test, non-conditional Logistic regression analysis of dichotomies and Logistic multivariate analysis were used for statistical analysis of the data. Results The intake of all kinds of beverage in university students was as follows: the sugary beverage (carbonic acid and juice) was up to 55.5%, the dairy products was 19.5%, the tea beverage (no sugar or low sugar) was 12.5%, and the functional beverages was 25%. Male students drunk carbonic acid beverage more than female (P<0.01), and female students drunk fruit juice was significantly higher than that of male students (P<0.01).The overweight and central obesity rate of male and female students were roughly equivalent (P > 0.05). Overweight and obese (BMI ≥24) students consumed more sugary drinks than normal weight students (P<0.05). Multifactor’s logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity were sugary drinks and purchase times; the risk factors associated with central obesity included sex and the frequency of beverage purchased. Conclusions The consumption all kinds of sugary drinks in overweight and obese university students were higher than that of normal weight students. Male university students liked "carbonated" and "tea" drinks more than female university students, while female students liked "juice" and "milk" drinks more than male students. Sugary drinks could be a risk factor to obesity. And female students are more likely to be central obese than male students. There is a certain correlation between the intake of sugary beverages in university students’ overweight and central obesity. This research shows that the intake of sugar beverages was closely correlated to overweight and central obesity．It’s important for university students to reduce the intake of sugary beverages appropriately and establish a correct and healthy consumption concept of beverage

On the evolution of seismogenic faults in the Longmen Shan, eastern Tibet

A fundamental debate exists regarding the geometry and depth extent of seismogenic faults in eastern Tibet. Along the Longmen Shan, geologic and seismic reflection data reveal a belt of low to moderate angle thrust faults, some of which may have been activated in devastating earthquakes in 2008 (Mw ~7.9, Wenchuan) and 2013 (Mw ~6.6, Lushan). However, geologic and geodetic constraints on these ruptures suggest rupture along relatively high-angle listric reverse faults. Here, we use a combination of focal mechanisms determined from 276 aftershocks (Ms>4.0) with well-determined lifeforms and aftershock distributions from the 2008 event to determine subsurface fault geometry. Our results imply that seismogenic slip occurred along relatively high-angle structures that cross-cut low-angle imbricate faults imaged in reflection seismic data. Thus, we suggest that current geometric models of seismogenic faults may not fully represent the distribution of subsurface seismic hazard along the heavily-populated Sichuan Basin.Keywords: Seismogenic fault, Eastern Tibet, Seismic hazard, Longmen Sha

Crossover point and maximal fat oxidation training effects on blood lipid metabolism in young overweight women: a pilot study

Purpose: To determine the effects of weight reduction schemes using the exercise intensities corresponding to maximal fat oxidation (FATmax) and crossover point (COP). The effects of different intervention protocols on blood lipid metabolism were compared to explore how fat can be consumed and used more efficiently and provide a theoretical basis for weight loss through exercise.Methods: This study included 30 young overweight women randomly divided into the COP, FATmax, and control groups. Participants in the COP and FATmax groups exercised for 45 min four times a week for 8 weeks after the individual treadmill exercise test. The control group did not perform any exercise.Results: After 8 weeks of training, participants in the COP group significantly decreased weight (2.6 ± 3.3 kg), body mass index (0.91 ± 1.26 kg/m2), body fat percentage (1.21% ± 1.50%), and fat mass (1.90 ± 2.30 kg) (p < 0.05). They also had significantly decreased hip circumference (4.8 ± 3.3 cm), serum apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels (15.48 ± 14.19 mg/dL), and ApoB/apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) ratios (0.47 ± 0.37) (p < 0.01). However, their serum ApoAI levels were significantly increased (14.18 ± 10.24 mg/dL; p < 0.01). Participants in the FATmax group had significantly decreased hip circumference (2.4 ± 2.0 cm), serum ApoB levels (14.49 ± 11.00 mg/dL), and ApoB/ApoAI ratios (0.59 ± 0.30) (p < 0.01) but significantly increased serum ApoAI levels (29.53 ± 13.29 mg/dL; p < 0.01). No significant changes in physiological indexes were observed in participants in the control group.Conclusion: Personalised exercise intervention positively affected central obesity, effectively improving blood lipid metabolism and fat oxidation, reducing cardiovascular disease risk in young overweight women. COP training improved weight and body composition better than the FATmax exercise, while the latter provided greater improvements in serum ApoAI levels

The β-modification of trizinc borate phosphate, Zn3(BO3)(PO4)

Crystals of β-Zn3(BO3)(PO4) have been grown by the Kyropoulos method. The asymmetric unit contains three Zn sites, three B-atom sites (all with symmetry 3), two P sites (both with m symmetry) and nine O-atom sites (four with m symmetry). The fundamental building units of the title structure are isolated BO3 triangles and PO4 tetra­hedra, which are bridged by ZnO4 tetra­hedra or ZnO5 trigonal bipyramids through common O atoms, leading to a three-dimensional framework structure. Some significant structural differences between the β-polymorph and the α-polymorph are discussed